内装式空射运载火箭重力出舱机箭耦合动力学分析

研究了以运输机为平台的内装式运载火箭空射过程载机和火箭的耦合动力学建模。建模针对两个阶段：第一阶段，火箭固定于载机机舱内，两者构成一个整体，按照普通刚体的力学方法处理；第二阶段，火箭解锁后，沿着舱内的发射筒向外滑行，载机和火箭形成两刚体相互作用的耦合系统，基于牛顿-欧拉法建立系统动力学模型。载机在空射火箭过程中，油门和升降舵满偏，在加速前飞的同时拉大姿态俯仰角，火箭在自身重力分量和惯性力的作用下，沿着机舱内的发射筒加速向外滑行，直至与载机分离。数值仿真分析了空射过程载机的重要力学参数的变化过程，验证了载机操控策略的可行性和安全性，可为未来中国空射运载火箭技术设计提供数据参考。     

基于DOA聚类算法的ARM抗有源诱偏技术研究

有源诱偏技术是雷达对抗反辐射导弹的一种重要手段,可以大大降低反辐射导弹的作战效能。为提高对敌目标的精确打击能力,在分析闪烁诱饵诱偏原理的基础上,针对有源诱偏干扰下被动雷达测角精度与稳定度不高的问题,通过对有源诱偏信号的时域特征进行分析,提出一种基于脉冲前沿检测的DOA聚类分选算法,找出前沿超前的辐射源信号,实现了高性能抗有源诱偏干扰和高精度抗干扰测向。仿真结果表明,该技术可以有效对抗四点源有源诱偏干扰。     

导航卫星中断频次的分析方法

面向导航卫星中断频次的定量分析需求,该文分析导航卫星中断产生的主要原因,给出中断频次分析的流程,并针对分析过程中的三个关键问题,研究提出具体实施方法,包括通过相关性分析快速定位底层中断事件,通过中断树建立指标分析模型,并融合在轨数据、地面试验数据快速预估得到底层功能异常率等。最后通过示例进一步说明中断频次分析过程。该文方法已应用于北斗导航卫星工程。     

弹载变转速定量泵高动态压力控制特性分析

传统弹载电液伺服系统的液压能源采用有刷直流电机驱动恒压变量泵的方式，泵源压力在导弹飞行过程中设定值恒定，但在平飞段过程长、负载小，对能源压力需求低，造成弹上能源总利用率不高的问题，提出无刷直流电机驱动小排量液压泵的压力控制泵源的设计，在低气动负载阶段适当降低系统压力，进而降低节流损失与泄漏量，提高能量利用率。分析了变转速定量泵的流量压力特性曲线，通过建立基于变转速压力控制泵源的位置电液伺服系统数学模型与仿真模型，分析了变转速定量泵压力控制系统在典型工况下的位置跟踪、系统压力变化与能量利用效率，验证了压力控制系统能够在导弹平飞段保证位置伺服系统跟踪正常的前提下，能有效提高系统效率，证明了变转速定量泵压力控制系统的有效性与可行性。     

Orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamics of tethered solar power satellite

A new orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamic model of the tethered solar power satellite (Tethered SPS) is established based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The Hamilton’s equation of the system is derived by introducing generalized momentum through Legendre transformation. The correctness of the proposed model is verified by an example. The dynamic characteristics of the Tethered SPS are studied using the symplectic Runge-Kutta method. Simulation results show that the orbital radius and the total energy of the system are well preserved. The attitude of the system is unstable when the mass of the bus system is small. However, the attitude stability is dependent on some other parameters of the system, which requires further studies. It is also found that the average tether force/deformation can be roughly estimated by simplifying the solar panel as a particle. The proposed model can be used to study the orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamics and control problems.     

联邦学习安全与隐私保护综述

联邦学习是一种新型的分布式学习框架，它允许在多个参与者之间共享训练数据而不会泄露其数据隐私。但是这种新颖的学习机制仍然可能受到来自各种攻击者的前所未有的安全和隐私威胁。本文主要探讨联邦学习在安全和隐私方面面临的挑战。首先，本文介绍了联邦学习的基本概念和威胁模型，有助于理解其面临的攻击。其次，本文总结了由内部恶意实体发起的3种攻击类型，同时分析了联邦学习体系结构的安全漏洞和隐私漏洞。然后从差分隐私、同态密码系统和安全多方聚合等方面研究了目前最先进的防御方案。最后通过对这些解决方案的总结和比较，进一步讨论了该领域未来的发展方向。     

Fully distributed time-varying formation tracking control for multiple quadrotor vehicles via finite-time convergent extended state observer

This paper investigates a time-varying anti-disturbance formation problem for a group of quadrotor aircrafts with time-varying uncertainties and a directed interaction topology. A novel Finite-Time Convergent Extended State Observer (FTCESO) based fully-distributed formation control scheme is proposed to enhance the disturbance rejection and the formation tracking performances for networked quadrotors. By adopting the hierarchical control strategy, the multi-quadrotor system is separated into two subsystems: the outer-loop cooperative subsystem and the inner-loop attitude subsystem. In the outer-loop subsystem, with the estimation of disturbing forces and uncertain dynamics from FTCESOs, an adaptive consensus theory based cooperative controller is exploited to ensure the multiple quadrotors form and maintain a time-varying pattern relying only on the positions of the neighboring aircrafts. In the inner-loop subsystem, the desired attitude generated by the cooperative control law is stably tracked under a FTCESO-based attitude controller in a finite time. Based on a detailed algorithm to specify the cooperative control protocol, the feasibility condition to achieve the time-varying anti-disturbance formation tracking is derived and the rigorous analysis of the whole closed-loop multi-quadrotor system is given. Some numerical examples are conducted to intuitively demonstrate the effectiveness and the improvements of the proposed control framework.     

A survey of safety separation management and collision avoidance approaches of civil UAS operating in integration national airspace system

Recent years have witnessed a booming of the industry of civil Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). As an emerging industry, the UAS industry has been attracting great attention from governments of all countries and the aviation industry. UAS are highly digitalized, informationized, and intelligent; therefore, their integration into the national airspace system has become an important trend in the development of civil aviation. However, the complexity of UAS operation poses great challenges to the traditional aviation regulatory system and technical means. How to prevent collisions between UASs and between UAS and manned aircraft to achieve safe and efficient operation in the integrated operating airspace has become a common challenge for industry and academia around the world. In recent years, the international community has carried out a great amount of work and experiments in the air traffic management of UAS and some of the key technologies. This paper attempts to make a review of the UAS separation management and key technologies in collision avoidance in the integrated airspace, mainly focusing on the current situation of UAS Traffic Management (UTM), safety separation standards, detection system, collision risk prediction, collision avoidance, safety risk assessment, etc., as well as an analysis of the bottlenecks that the current researches encountered and their development trends, so as to provide some insights and references for further research in this regard. Finally, this paper makes a further summary of some of the research highlights and challenges.     

CFRP反射器型面主动控制和作动器位置优化

研究了运用压电陶瓷作动器对碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）格栅反射器的型面主动控制。首先，采用了一种具有独立电压自由度的梁单元，以及考虑高阶剪切变形的板单元，对主控格栅反射器进行有限元建模；运用能量变分哈密尔顿原理推导了主控格栅反射器的有限元控制方程，并给出了反射面型面残余均方根（RMS）误差最小的电压最优控制方法。然后，研究了在典型载荷下，反射面残余RMS误差最小的PZT作动器位置分布的优化配置问题；提出了一种将遗传算法和梯度投影方法相结合的改进优化方法，用来求出在限定作动器数量的条件下，作动器几何位置的优化配置，使控制后反射面的残余RMS误差最小；给出的数值算例验证了方法的正确性和有效性。最后，研制了格栅反射器型面主动控制的实验样机，针对反射器的初始制造误差进行了型面主动控制，验证了控制方法的可行性和有效性。     

Estimating inter-system biases for tightly combined Galileo/BDS/GPS RTK

The overlapping carrier frequencies L1/E1, L5/E5a and B2/E5b from GPS/Galileo/BDS allow inter-system double-differencing of observations, which shows a clear advantage over differencing of the observations of each constellation independently. However, the inter-system biases destroy the integer nature of the inter-system double-differencing ambiguities. Two methods of direct rounding and parameter estimation are used to determine the ISB value. By analyzing data collected from Curtin University from 2015 to 2018, the phase and code inter-system bias (ISB) are related to the receiver type, firmware version and the selected overlapping frequency. Upgrade of receiver firmware version results in changes of ISB values. For example, the upgrade of Javad firmware in Dec, 15, 2017 causes the difference of 0.5 cycles ISB between BDS GEO and non-GEO satellites. By comparing the three dynamic models which include white noise process, random walk process, and random constant in the parameter estimation method, the ISB determined by the random constant model is consistent with the value obtained by the direct rounding method. After the calibration of ISBs, the performances of tightly combined positioning are assessed. The success rate of ambiguity resolution and accuracy of positioning for the tight combination (TC) are significantly improved in comparison with that for the loose combination (LC) over short baselines. For L5/E5a, on which only few satellites can be observed, the maximum increase in success rates of ambiguity resolution can reach 31.7%, i.e., from 54.9% of LC to larger than 86.6% of TC, and the positioning accuracies can even be increased by 0.13 m, i.e., from 0.208 of LC to 0.074 m of TC in East direction for the mix-receiver TRIMBLE NETR9-SEPT POLARX4 in 2018.